{"id":11469,"date":"2025-03-31T20:35:35","date_gmt":"2025-04-01T00:35:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ariasvilla.com\/?p=11469"},"modified":"2025-03-31T20:35:35","modified_gmt":"2025-04-01T00:35:35","slug":"recent-federal-court-order-on-third-country-removals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ariasvilla.com\/es\/recent-federal-court-order-on-third-country-removals\/","title":{"rendered":"Recent Federal Court Order on Third-Country Removals"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\t\t<div id=\"wd-67eb2664c280d\" class=\"wd-text-block wd-wpb reset-last-child wd-rs-67eb2664c280d text-left\">\n\t\t\t<blockquote><p>\n<strong>On March 28, 2025<\/strong>, the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts issued a Temporary Restraining Order (TRO) in the case of D.V.D., M.M., E.F.D., and O.C.G. v. U.S. Department of Homeland Security, et al., <strong>Civil Action No. 25-10676-BEM<\/strong>. This order limits the government\u2019s ability to deport individuals with final orders of removal to any country other than the one officially designated during their earlier immigration proceedings\u2014commonly referred to as a \u201c<strong>third country<\/strong>\u201d\u2014unless certain core safeguards are satisfied.\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"vc_separator wpb_content_element vc_separator_align_center vc_sep_width_100 vc_sep_pos_align_center vc_separator_no_text vc_sep_color_grey\" ><span class=\"vc_sep_holder vc_sep_holder_l\"><span class=\"vc_sep_line\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vc_sep_holder vc_sep_holder_r\"><span class=\"vc_sep_line\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\t\t<div id=\"wd-67eb26deaaafe\" class=\"wd-text-block wd-wpb reset-last-child wd-rs-67eb26deaaafe text-left\">\n\t\t\t<p>The TRO (<strong>Temporary Restraining Order <\/strong>) applies <strong>nationwide<\/strong>. It was issued by <strong>Judge Brian E. Murphy<\/strong> to address concerns that the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) could remove people to a brand-new, unexpected country without proper notice or a chance to request protection under <strong>withholding of removal<\/strong> or the <strong>Convention Against Torture (CAT)<\/strong>. Below is a summary of what this ruling entails and how it affects individuals with final removal orders.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"vc_separator wpb_content_element vc_separator_align_center vc_sep_width_100 vc_sep_pos_align_center vc_separator_no_text vc_sep_color_grey\" ><span class=\"vc_sep_holder vc_sep_holder_l\"><span class=\"vc_sep_line\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vc_sep_holder vc_sep_holder_r\"><span class=\"vc_sep_line\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2 style=\"text-align: left\" class=\"vc_custom_heading vc_do_custom_heading\" >Key Points of the TRO<\/h2>\t\t<div id=\"wd-67eb27dc7d3ae\" class=\"wd-text-block wd-wpb reset-last-child wd-rs-67eb27dc7d3ae text-left\">\n\t\t\t<ol>\n<li><strong>Advance Written Notice<\/strong><br \/>\nUnder this order, the government cannot deport someone to a third country without first providing <strong>written notice<\/strong> of that specific country <strong>to the individual and their attorney<\/strong> (if they have one). This requirement ensures that no one is taken by surprise or deprived of time to prepare an appropriate legal response.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Opportunity to Apply for Withholding and CAT Relief<\/strong><br \/>\nBefore being removed to a third country, the individual must be given a <strong>\u201cmeaningful opportunity\u201d<\/strong> to file an application for protection. This includes:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Withholding of removal<\/strong> under 8 U.S.C. \u00a7 1231(b)(3) (protection from persecution on account of a protected ground), and<\/li>\n<li><strong>Protection under the Convention Against Torture (CAT)<\/strong> (protection from torture).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>No Removal Until a Final Decision<\/strong><br \/>\nIf the person files a claim for withholding or CAT protection based on fear of harm in the third country, <strong>removal must be put on hold<\/strong> until there is a <strong>final decision<\/strong> on that application. In other words, the government <strong>cannot<\/strong> carry out a deportation until an immigration judge (and, if appealed, the Board of Immigration Appeals) rules on the newly raised protection claim.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nationwide Effect<\/strong><br \/>\nThe court explicitly states these requirements protect <strong>\u201cany individual subject to a final order of removal\u201d<\/strong> who might be sent somewhere other than the country originally named in their removal proceedings. This means all immigration officers must comply, and <strong>no bond<\/strong> is required from affected individuals to invoke these protections.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Duration of the Order<\/strong><br \/>\nThe TRO remains in effect <strong>until<\/strong> the court decides on the plaintiffs\u2019 broader request for a preliminary injunction. While temporary in legal terms, it is fully <strong>binding<\/strong> on the government so long as it remains in force. Failure to adhere to the TRO could lead to further court intervention.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"vc_separator wpb_content_element vc_separator_align_center vc_sep_width_100 vc_sep_pos_align_center vc_separator_no_text vc_sep_color_grey\" ><span class=\"vc_sep_holder vc_sep_holder_l\"><span class=\"vc_sep_line\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vc_sep_holder vc_sep_holder_r\"><span class=\"vc_sep_line\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\t\t<div id=\"wd-67eb283bd0b28\" class=\"wd-text-block wd-wpb reset-last-child wd-rs-67eb283bd0b28 text-left\">\n\t\t\t<p><strong>Final Orders of Removal<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A <strong>final order of removal<\/strong> is the endpoint in immigration court proceedings, signifying that an individual has been legally ordered to leave the United States. Once that order is final, the Department of Homeland Security generally has the authority to remove the person\u2014unless <strong>some recognized form of protection<\/strong> applies.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Withholding of Removal<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Under <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dhs.gov\/xlibrary\/assets\/training\/xus\/crcl\/asylumseekers\/crcl_asylum\/pdfs\/Immigration%20and%20Nationality%20Act%20Section%20101(b)(3).pdf\"><strong>8 U.S.C. \u00a7 1231(b)(3)<\/strong><\/a>, withholding of removal protects individuals from deportation to a country where they are likely to face persecution for reasons such as race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership in a particular social group.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Country-Specific<\/strong>: If an immigration judge grants withholding for a specific country, the U.S. government cannot send the person <strong>there<\/strong>. However, until this TRO, the government could sometimes attempt to remove that individual to a different \u201cthird country\u201d instead.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Convention Against Torture (CAT)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The <strong>Convention Against Torture<\/strong> prohibits any signatory nation (including the U.S.) from removing someone to a country where they will probably face torture. The law implementing CAT ensures:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Individuals can apply for <strong>CAT protection<\/strong> if they can show it is \u201cmore likely than not\u201d that they would be tortured by (or with the consent of) authorities in a particular country.<\/li>\n<li>Once CAT is granted for that country, removal <strong>cannot<\/strong> happen <strong>there<\/strong>\u2014though the individual may remain under a final order of removal in a broader sense.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>How the TRO Changes Third-Country Removals<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The recent federal court order confirms that <strong>even if<\/strong> a person already has a final order of removal, DHS <strong>must<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Notify them<\/strong> if DHS contemplates sending them to a new or previously undiscussed country, and<\/li>\n<li><strong>Allow them<\/strong> to raise or file a claim of fear (e.g., CAT) specifically tied to that third country.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Until an immigration judge or higher authority rules on that new claim, <strong>removal to that third country cannot proceed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"vc_separator wpb_content_element vc_separator_align_center vc_sep_width_100 vc_sep_pos_align_center vc_separator_no_text vc_sep_color_grey\" ><span class=\"vc_sep_holder vc_sep_holder_l\"><span class=\"vc_sep_line\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vc_sep_holder vc_sep_holder_r\"><span class=\"vc_sep_line\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2 style=\"text-align: left\" class=\"vc_custom_heading vc_do_custom_heading\" >Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<\/h2><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div  class=\"vc_do_toggle vc_toggle vc_toggle_default vc_toggle_color_default vc_toggle_size_md\"><div class=\"vc_toggle_title\"><h4>Who Does the TRO Affect?<\/h4><i class=\"vc_toggle_icon\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"vc_toggle_content\"><p>The TRO applies to <strong>anyone<\/strong> in the United States who:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Has a <strong>final order of removal<\/strong>, and<\/li>\n<li>Faces potential deportation to a <strong>country other than<\/strong> the one listed in their prior removal proceedings.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><div  class=\"vc_do_toggle vc_toggle vc_toggle_default vc_toggle_color_default vc_toggle_size_md\"><div class=\"vc_toggle_title\"><h4>Does This Stop My Original Removal?<\/h4><i class=\"vc_toggle_icon\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"vc_toggle_content\"><p>No. The TRO does <strong>not<\/strong> prevent DHS from removing someone <strong>to the country originally designated in their removal order<\/strong>\u2014unless there is another form of relief or stay in place. It specifically <strong>prohibits<\/strong> removal to a <strong>new, unexpected country<\/strong> unless the government follows the steps spelled out in the order.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div  class=\"vc_do_toggle vc_toggle vc_toggle_default vc_toggle_color_default vc_toggle_size_md\"><div class=\"vc_toggle_title\"><h4>How Do I Apply for CAT or Withholding of Removal if a Third Country Is Proposed?<\/h4><i class=\"vc_toggle_icon\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"vc_toggle_content\"><p>Once you (or your attorney) receive <strong>written notice<\/strong> of a new country of removal, you must file a <strong>request for protection<\/strong> with the immigration court. This generally involves:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Submitting <a href=\"https:\/\/www.uscis.gov\/i-589\">Form I-589<\/a> (Application for Asylum and for Withholding of Removal), marking the sections for <strong>withholding<\/strong> and <strong>CAT<\/strong> if fear of torture exists.<\/li>\n<li>Presenting documentation or testimony about the risk of harm in the newly named country.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><div  class=\"vc_do_toggle vc_toggle vc_toggle_default vc_toggle_color_default vc_toggle_size_md\"><div class=\"vc_toggle_title\"><h4>What If I Already Have Withholding or CAT for My Home Country?<\/h4><i class=\"vc_toggle_icon\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"vc_toggle_content\"><p>Withholding or CAT protection is <strong>country-specific<\/strong>. If DHS now chooses a different country for your removal, you have the right to <strong>file for new protection<\/strong> specific to that third country. The TRO ensures you can do so before being deported there.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div  class=\"vc_do_toggle vc_toggle vc_toggle_default vc_toggle_color_default vc_toggle_size_md\"><div class=\"vc_toggle_title\"><h4>How Long Will This TRO Last?<\/h4><i class=\"vc_toggle_icon\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"vc_toggle_content\"><p>The order remains in effect until the court rules on the pending motion for a <strong>preliminary injunction<\/strong>. The judge may then make the restrictions <strong>longer-term<\/strong> or make further modifications as the case proceeds. Regardless, <strong>as of now<\/strong>, the TRO is fully active and binding.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div  class=\"vc_do_toggle vc_toggle vc_toggle_default vc_toggle_color_default vc_toggle_size_md\"><div class=\"vc_toggle_title\"><h4>Where Can I Read the Exact Order?<\/h4><i class=\"vc_toggle_icon\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"vc_toggle_content\"><p>You can view the TRO in the file <strong>\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/clearinghouse-umich-production.s3.amazonaws.com\/media\/doc\/157747.pdf\">Order granting TRO.pdf<\/a>,\u201d<\/strong> labeled as <strong>Document 34<\/strong> in <em>D.V.D. v. U.S. Department of Homeland Security<\/em>, Civil Action No. 25-10676-BEM (D. Mass.). The signed order details the obligations the government must meet when attempting to remove individuals to a third country.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div  class=\"vc_do_toggle vc_toggle vc_toggle_default vc_toggle_color_default vc_toggle_size_md\"><div class=\"vc_toggle_title\"><h4>How Can I Use This Ruling if I Believe DHS Isn\u2019t Following It?<\/h4><i class=\"vc_toggle_icon\"><\/i><\/div><div class=\"vc_toggle_content\"><p>If you or your attorney suspects DHS is bypassing these requirements\u2014e.g., by failing to provide the mandatory notice or attempting to remove you before your application for protection is heard\u2014this could violate the court\u2019s TRO. Consider contacting an <strong>immigration attorney<\/strong> immediately to seek further relief from the federal court.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"vc_separator wpb_content_element vc_separator_align_center vc_sep_width_100 vc_sep_pos_align_center vc_separator_no_text vc_sep_color_grey\" ><span class=\"vc_sep_holder vc_sep_holder_l\"><span class=\"vc_sep_line\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vc_sep_holder vc_sep_holder_r\"><span class=\"vc_sep_line\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2 style=\"text-align: left\" class=\"vc_custom_heading vc_do_custom_heading\" >Conclusion<\/h2>\t\t<div id=\"wd-67eb2b083234e\" class=\"wd-text-block wd-wpb reset-last-child wd-rs-67eb2b083234e text-left\">\n\t\t\t<p>This Temporary Restraining Order in D.V.D. et al. v. DHS underscores the principle that no one with a final order of removal should be transferred to an unfamiliar or dangerous country without notice and a fair chance to assert protection claims. By imposing these requirements nationwide, the Court ensures that Convention Against Torture and withholding of removal safeguards remain meaningful and effective.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\t\t<div id=\"wd-67eb2b2244b04\" class=\"wd-text-block wd-wpb reset-last-child wd-rs-67eb2b2244b04 text-left\">\n\t\t\t<p><strong>Key Takeaways<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Written notice<\/strong> is now mandatory if the government wants to remove you to a new country.<\/li>\n<li>You have a <strong>legal right<\/strong> to apply for withholding of removal or CAT specifically for that third country.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Removal must pause<\/strong> until the immigration court finalizes any new claim for protection.<\/li>\n<li>The TRO applies <strong>nationwide<\/strong> and remains in effect unless the court changes or lifts it.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"vc_separator wpb_content_element vc_separator_align_center vc_sep_width_100 vc_sep_pos_align_center vc_separator_no_text vc_sep_color_grey\" ><span class=\"vc_sep_holder vc_sep_holder_l\"><span class=\"vc_sep_line\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vc_sep_holder vc_sep_holder_r\"><span class=\"vc_sep_line\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">\t\t<div id=\"wd-67eb2b3eb5e92\" class=\"wd-text-block wd-wpb reset-last-child wd-rs-67eb2b3eb5e92 text-left\">\n\t\t\t<p><em><strong>Disclaimer<\/strong>: This article reflects <strong>current regulations<\/strong> and the <strong>most recent court order<\/strong>. It is not legal advice; individuals facing removal should consult a qualified immigration attorney for personalized guidance.<\/em><\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"vc_separator wpb_content_element vc_separator_align_center vc_sep_width_100 vc_sep_pos_align_center vc_separator_no_text vc_sep_color_grey\" ><span class=\"vc_sep_holder vc_sep_holder_l\"><span class=\"vc_sep_line\"><\/span><\/span><span class=\"vc_sep_holder vc_sep_holder_r\"><span class=\"vc_sep_line\"><\/span><\/span>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row wpb_row vc_row-fluid\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container vc_col-sm-12\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2 style=\"text-align: left\" class=\"vc_custom_heading vc_do_custom_heading\" >References<\/h2>\t\t<div id=\"wd-67eb2b7221363\" class=\"wd-text-block wd-wpb reset-last-child wd-rs-67eb2b7221363 text-left\">\n\t\t\t<ul>\n<li><strong>Order Granting TRO<\/strong> (<em>D.V.D. et al. v. DHS<\/em>, No. 25-10676-BEM (D. Mass. Mar. 28, 2025)):<br \/>\nSee <a href=\"https:\/\/clearinghouse-umich-production.s3.amazonaws.com\/media\/doc\/157747.pdf\"><em>Order granting TRO.pdf<\/em><\/a> for the full text.<\/li>\n<li><strong>8 U.S.C. \u00a7 1231(b)(3)<\/strong> \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dhs.gov\/xlibrary\/assets\/training\/xus\/crcl\/asylumseekers\/crcl_asylum\/pdfs\/Immigration%20and%20Nationality%20Act%20Section%20101(b)(3).pdf\">Governs Withholding of Removal<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/en\/instruments-mechanisms\/instruments\/convention-against-torture-and-other-cruel-inhuman-or-degrading\"><strong>Convention Against Torture (CAT)<\/strong><\/a> \u2013 Implemented in U.S. immigration regulations; see Department of Justice, EOIR materials.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For official updates, check the court docket or visit the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.justice.gov\/eoir\">U.S. Department of Justice \u2013 Executive Office for Immigration Review (EOIR)<\/a> website.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"On March 28, 2025, the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts issued a Temporary Restraining Order (TRO)","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":11473,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[86],"tags":[90,132,75,114,115,91,96],"class_list":["post-11469","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-immigration-news-updates","tag-deportation","tag-dhs","tag-immigration-process","tag-political-asylum","tag-tps","tag-u-s-immigration","tag-venezuela"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.0 (Yoast SEO v27.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Recent Federal Court Order on Third-Country Removals - Miami Immigration Lawyer - Attorney Martha L. 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